Dor lombar, Postura, ExercÃcios de alongamento muscular, Terapia por exercÃcio
Abstract
Introduction. The method of active muscle stretching, based on knowledge of the postural muscle chains, called Global Postural Reeducation (GPR), is used as a physiotherapeutic approach in postural changes, especially in nonspecific low back pain (NLBP). Despite being frequently practiced clinically, few studies show its effectiveness. Objective. To evaluate the effects of the GPR method in relation to the level of pain, functional capacity, muscle strength and flexibility in patients with NLBP. Methods. It is a systematic review, in which the most relevant studies originally published in the English language were analyzed. In the databases, 3.544 articles that were found and the following inclusion criteria were established: randomized controlled clinical trials (ECCT) performed on humans and in the English language. Exclusion criteria: unclear, poorly described or inadequate interventions and in the form of abstracts. The following variables were used to select the studies: pain, functional capacity, muscle strength and flexibility. PRISMA systematization was used to prepare this review. Results. This review included five ECCT involving 277 individuals, predominantly women who participated in eight to 16 attendances of 30 or 60 minutes, twice a week with various protocols of GPR compared to stabilization or stretching exercises and one study compared with medication. The evaluations were in short (3 months) and medium (6 months) deadlines. Conclusion. The GPR method is effective in reducing pain, increasing functional capacity, muscle strength and flexibility in patients with NLBP, both in monitoring short and medium deadline.