Disfunção temporomandibular, Ansiedade, Depressão, Transtornos da articulação temporomandibular
Abstract
Introduction: Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) has been identified as the major cause of non-dental pain in the orofacial region, its etiology is multifactorial, oral parafunctions, trauma and psychosocial factors are known etiological or contributory factors. The muscular hyperactivity developed from this emotional state influences so that when an emotional component is associated with a physical factor, release of stresses by the stomatognathic apparatus, leading to the symptomatology of pain and dysfunction, and this symptomatology associated with anatomical characteristics in imbalance can influence the development of behavioral habits that negatively affect emotional health. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and intensity of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with temporomandibular dysfunction and their correlation. Methodology: Based on the Beck anxiety and depression scales (BAI and BDI), the BDI and BAI questionnaires were applied in 32 patients diagnosed with TMD (muscular and articular), under treatment in a school clinic of the TMD discipline in a institution of higher education. The data were statistically evaluated by SPSS-15 software and the significance level adopted was p <0.05. Results: A positive and significant correlation was obtained (r = 0.552, p = 0.001) between the BDI and BAI scales. The most prevalent depressive symptom was not getting as much satisfaction with the things that used to do (62%) and the most prevalent anxiety symptom was abdominal indigestion or discomfort (73%). Conclusion: Emotional factors can maintain or exacerbate painful symptomatology, acting as a causative or intensifying factor. Due to the interrelationship between anxiety and depression found in the study, one should address physical and emotional symptoms in the search for the integrative model, which includes psychosocial approaches for the treatment of painful conditions.