Introduction. Infection with multiresistant bacteria remains one of the main risks to patient safety in health services in Brazil. The emergence of microorganisms resistant to various classes of antimicrobials has been progressive in recent decades, posing a threat to public health around the world. Aim. The objective of this study was to identify, through a systematic review, the prevention and control of the spread of MRSA, KPC and VRE describing the epidemiology, in order to understand its occurrence, associated risk factors and management practices in relation to the world situation. Methods: In the last 5 years, studies related to the prevention and control of the dissemination of MRSA, KPC and VRE were analyzed, based on the MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine) database. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied in the studies selected from the points raised in each item exposed. Results: We identified 105 studies, but only 15 were part of the scope of this review, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria selected. Conclusion. Increased incidence of multiresistant bacteria and the difficulty of effective treatment options emphasize the need for adherence to preventive measures such as hand hygiene and the use of protective measures.